The Canadian Government Department that specifically deals with First Peoples and the North is called Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) Back to the Top What was Canada before it united? The Charter recognizes the special Aboriginal Rights of Inuit, Indians, and Metis. The name "Canada" is believed to have its roots in the Huron-Iroquois word "Kanata," meaning village. In early Canada, the enslavement of African peoples was a legal instrument that helped fuel colonial economic enterprise. Canada - Canada - Native peoples: An estimated 200,000 Indians (First Nations) and Inuit were living in what is now Canada when Europeans began to settle there in the 16th century. The old Province of Canada was split into two new provinces: Ontario and Quebec, which, together with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, formed the new country called the Dominion of Canada. Each province would elect its own legislature and have control of such areas as education and health. Upon Confederation, the United Province of Canada was immediately split into the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. Centuries before Europeans began to settle in North America, explorers who came here found thriving First Nations and Inuit societies with their own beliefs, way of life and rich history. The buying, selling and enslavement of Black people was practiced by European traders and colonists in New France in the early 1600s, and lasted until it was abolished throughout British North America in 1834. Leading up to the dominion, (that’s when the provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick joined forces), there were a number of funny, weird and interesting suggestions that were submitted. A map showing the different colonies when Canada became a country in 1867. Its total area is approximately 3.9 million square miles (10 million square kilometers). For the next 200 years the native population declined, largely as a result of European territorial encroachment and the diseases that the settlers brought. Canadian Confederation (French: Confédération canadienne) was the process by which the three colonies of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick were united into one federation called the Dominion of Canada on July 1, 1867. However, England lagged and while they did so, the French laid claim to territory they called “Canada” in the 1530s, along with land that extended to the eastern Atlantic and up to Hudson Bay. In the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Canada's First Peoples are referred to as Indians, Inuit, and Metis. By 1616, although the entire region was known as New France, the area along the great river of Canada and the Gulf of St. Lawrence was still called Canada. The history of post-confederation Canada began on July 1, 1867, when the British North American colonies of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia were united to form a single Dominion within the British Empire. Upon confederation, what had formerly been called the Province of Canada was divided into the two provinces of Ontario and Quebec. Cartier also called the St. Lawrence River the “ rivière du Canada,” a name used until the early 1600s. Long before it was the name of an independent country, "Canada" was a broad geographic term used to describe the northern half of North America, while Canadian or Canadien was the term to describe the mostly French colonists of the area. Canada is “Great” because the only country larger than it in the world is Russia.
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