Franco-Ontarians are originally from a first wave of immigration from France, from a second wave from Quebec. Advertisement. Newfoundland Peninsular French or Newfoundland French is a French dialect spoken by Canadians on the Port au Port Peninsula. The many different cultural aspects make for a multidimensional area of North America and a place where you can hear just about every different type of language in the world. Acadian French is influenced by the langues d'oïl. The majority of French Canadians reside in Quebec, where they constitute the majority of the province's population, although French Canadian and francophone minority communit [1] Most Canadian native speakers of French live in Quebec, the only province where French is the majority and sole-official language. Many of us speak or read French, some of us fluently, but how much do we actually know about this language as it is spoken in Canada? French became the language of the non-native people in Quebec by 1645. The term Michif can also refer to the Métis people themselves — the word stemming from the Plains pronunciation of Métif, meaning “of mixed blood.” In this article, Michif refers specifically to the Cree Michif language unless otherwise specified. The only major Acadian population centre is Moncton, home to the main campus of the Université de Moncton. America is close to Canada, like the UK is close to France. More and more English words are being used in the French language, so I'm not surprise that Canada is using English words and adapting them to its context. Historical and sociological aspects of the French language in Canada, This article is about the historical and sociological aspects of the French language in Canada. More recently, immigrants from Francophone countries such as Morocco, Algeria and Haiti are calling Canada home. It is the first British possession in North America. The movie The Love Guru is called Love Gourou in France, but in Quebec it is called Le Gourou de l'amour). In 1642, the foundation of Ville Marie, the settlement that would eventually become Montreal, completed the occupation of the territory. Read more : Canada … The origin of Franco-Newfoundlanders is double: the first ones to arrive are especially of Breton origin, attracted by the fishing possibilities. Most urban areas in those provinces though most people can speak English. Acadia is the only place outside Jersey (a Channel Island close to mainland Normandy) where Jèrriais speakers can be found.[15]. It is another country speaking French and it is a beautiful country with beautiful people. According to the first one, it includes all French speakers of Ontario, wherever they come from. The French language was relegated to second rank as far as trade and state communications were concerned. French is one of the official languages, with English, of the province of New Brunswick. They share certain features that distinguish them from European French. Sometimes it feels like almost all of the French people live in Quebec and the rest of Canada is English, but actually, according to Silota , the country wide-split is … It was composed of four provinces: In Quebec, French became again the official language; until then it was the vernacular language but with no legal status.[10][11][12]. For native French speakers, Quebec French is noticeably different in pronunciation and vocabulary from the French of France, sometimes called Metropolitan Fren… English and French are a no-brainer, but the other most spoken languages in Canada may surprise you. According to second one, it includes all French Canadians born in Ontario, whatever their level of French is. There are also several French-speaking communities on military bases in Ontario, such as the one at CFB Trenton. There are about 10 million French speakers in Canada, and they’re found in every province and territory! Michif, a dialect of French originating in Western Canada, is a unique mixed language derived from Cree and French. Acadian French is also the basis of Cajun French, spoken all the way down in Louisiana. Quebec accounts for 24% of Canada's total population. French is also an official language of all three Canadian territories: the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Yukon. Acadian French originated in Nova Scotia but is common today across the Maritime provinces, particularly in New Brunswick. Katharine Snider McNair sits on the board of directors of the Canadian Language Museum and holds a master's degree in museum studies from the University of Toronto. The Treaty of Paris (1763) completed the British takeover, removing France from Canadian territory, except for Saint Pierre and Miquelon at the entrance of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. 837–838, Atlas Universalis (1996) Tome 4, pp. There are 2 main dialects you’re most likely to hear: Laurentian and Acadian. 7% of the population (264,720 people) can speak both English and French. 1. For enquiries, contact us. There is a difference between Canadian French and French from France. It is spoken by a small number of Métis living mostly in Manitoba and in North Dakota. She is passionate about supporting the Canadian Language Museum in building awareness about language facts, history and critical issues, especially surrounding language endangerment and revitalization. A secondary school was founded in Quebec in 1635 by Jesuit to offer education to the Children in the city. There are 2 main dialects you’re most likely to hear: Laurentian and Acadian. Francophones in the Yukon are called Franco-Yukonnais, those from the Northwest Territories, Franco-Ténois (from the French acronym for the Northwest Territories, T.N.-O. In 1713, the Treaty of Utrecht acknowledged the sovereignty of the Englishmen. Did you know French is one of the fastest growing languages in the world and that nearly half of all French speakers live in Africa? The opinions expressed in posts and comments published on the Our Languages blog are solely those of the authors and commenters and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Language Portal of Canada. In the 1970s, the French language appears in the school of Cape St. George in the form of a bilingual education. In 2016, 29.8 percent of Canadians reported being able to conduct a conversation in French. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. In 1774, Parliament passed the Quebec Act, restoring French civil laws and abrogating the Test Act, which had been used to suppress Catholicism.[9]. 2. But it's always a pleasure to tune into Francophone 97.7 FM Radio Canada when I'm up there and listen for a while. [5] While French, with no specification as to dialect or variety, has the status of one of Canada's two official languages at the federal government level, English is the native language of the majority of Canadians. French is an official language in each of the three northern territories: the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. French is the only official language for 13 of these countries and the co-official language in … In 1645, the Compagnie des Habitants was created, uniting the political and economic leaders of the colony. Many people are actually bilingual French-English, and like many other areas of Canada, there are other languages spoken as well (most common are Mi'kmaq and Chinese). Likewise, many English words have been borrowed into Canadian French. However, many of the services the provincial government provides are available in English for the sizeable anglophone population of the province (notably in Montreal). They bring with them their own French dialects from around the world, which reflect their histories and cultures. Those who stayed were persecuted. At the end of the 18th century, more liberal measures granted new lands to those who had stayed, and measures were taken to promote the return of numerous exiled people from Canada and Miquelon. Although Canada has two official languages, English is overwhelmingly favored in most Canadian provinces. Acadian French is also the basis of Cajun French, spoken all the way down in Louisiana. [citation needed] The three dialects can also be historically and geographically associated with three of the five former colonies of New France: Canada, Acadia and Terre-Neuve (Newfoundland). French settlements and private companies were established in areas around present-day Eastern Canada in the early 17th century. Newfoundland was annexed by England in 1583. The colonists living in what are now the provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia were principally constituted of Bretons, Normans, and Basques. Quebec is the only province whose sole official language is French. In addition to New Brunswick, Acadian French has speakers in portions of mainland Quebec and in the Atlantic provinces of Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland. You know Belgium and a part of Switzerland speak French, too, and they have their own French terms that a someone from France might not understand. 840–842, Atlas Universalis (1996) Tome 19, pp. By the 1969 Official Languages Act, both English and French are recognized as official languages in Canada and granted equal status by the Canadian government. In 1605, Samuel de Champlain founded Port Royal (Acadia), and in 1608 he founded Quebec City. About 6 million people in Quebec speak Quebec French, and there are 700,000 native speakers across Canada. The federal government provides services and operates in both languages. [4] Many of these communities are, in the contemporary era, supported by French-language institutions. When 2 languages meet, we call it language contact. The province has no official language defined in law, although it is a largely English-speaking province. On a similar note, movies originally made in other languages than French (mostly movies originally made in English) are more literally named in Quebec than they are in France (e.g. 60 million people speak French as a second language. In 1634, Quebec contained 200 settlers who were principally involved in the fur trade. Text version: The French Presence in Alberta. For instance, the origins of Quebec French lie in 17th- and 18th-century Parisian French, influenced by folk dialects of the early modern period and other regional languages (such as Norman, Picard and Poitevin-Saintongeais) that French colonists had brought to New France. Canadians with French as their Mother Tongue According to the 2011 census, the population of Canada includes 7,054,975 people who have French a… In 1867, three colonies of British North America agreed to form a federal state, which was named Canada. Most native French-speakers live in Quebec, where it is the majority official language. August 2, 2010, radan, 2 Comments. Sources: Statistics Canada, 1996–2006 Censuses. All of these dialects mix, to varying degrees, elements from regional languages and folk dialects spoken in France at the time of colonization. La… Quebec is the only province whose sole official language is French. During his second expedition (1535–1536), Cartier came upon the Saint Lawrence River, a path into the heart of the continent. Approximately one-third of New Brunswickers are francophone,[14] by far the largest Acadian population in Canada. Due to this, the French language is fiercely protected in Quebec. Many commonly used French words derive from First Nations languages. ... Belgium, Canada and Switzerland each have approximately 25% of the population who can speak french. Present-day Maine fell to the British during Father Rale's War, while present-day New Brunswick fell after Father Le Loutre's War. From coast to coast, French has played an important role in the linguistic landscape of Canada for over 400 years. Manitoba also has a significant Franco-Manitoban community, centred especially in the St. Boniface area of Winnipeg, but also in numerous surrounding towns. In 1755 the majority of the French-speaking inhabitants of Nova Scotia were deported to the Thirteen Colonies. Michif is spoken today in small communities in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. My colleagues and I hope that initiatives like the Canadian Language Museum and the Language Portal will increase knowledge of and interest in the unique dialects heard throughout Canadian communities. The term Franco-Ontarian accepts two interpretations. In 1529, Verrazzano mapped a part of the coastal region of the North American continent under the name Nova Gallia (New France). The number of people with French as their first official language spoken increased fr… It is spoken by Métis communities in Manitoba and Saskatchewan as well as within adjacent areas of the United States. Michif is unusual in that the nouns are generally derived from French and the verbs are derived, for the most part, from Cree. 838–839, Atlas Universalis (1996) Tome 4, pp. But you are right that Canadian French has its own terms to designate the same things that exist in French from France, but French people may not understand it. Although French is the native language of just over half a million Canadians in Ontario, francophone Ontarians represent only 4.7 per cent of the province's population. Whatever that status of the French or English languages in a province or territory, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms requires all provinces and territories to provide primary and secondary education to their official-language minorities. Want to hear how Michif sounds or learn a few phrases? In today’s world, speaking a foreign language has become an integral part of achieving one’s socio-economic and career objectives. The trade was profit-making and the city was on the point of becoming more than a mere temporary trading post. Additionally, about one million native francophones live in other provinces, forming a sizable minority in New Brunswick, which is officially a bilingual province; approximately one-third of New Brunswick's population is francophone. Saskatchewan also has a Fransaskois community, as does Alberta with its Franco-Albertans, and British Columbia hosts the Franco-Columbians. Quebec Flag. In 2011, approximately 7.3 million people reported French as their mother tongue in Canada and 7.9 million spoke French at home at least on a regular basis. Today, 81.4 percent of Quebecers are first language francophones. [18] The use of French among Franco-Ontarians is in decline due to the omnipresence of the English language in a lot of fields. Very few French speakers in western canada Yep. Ontario has the largest French-speaking minority community in Canada Using the Inclusive Definition of Francophone, the French-speaking population in Ontario is 622,415. A French person can recognize the difference and may have difficulty understanding Canadian French, because, like in France, it is a dialect derived from old French … at least it seems that way. It has been asserted that the influence of these dialects has been stronger on Acadian French than on French spoken in Quebec. Canada is an amazing country for so many different reasons. Yes. Today, 81.4 percent of Quebecers are first language francophones. We reserve the right to edit, refuse or remove any question or comment that violates these commenting guidelines. They are concentrated primarily in the Eastern Ontario and Northeastern Ontario regions, near the border with Quebec, although they are also present in smaller numbers throughout the province. In fact, according to the 2016 census, French is the native language of around 7.2 million Canadians—or about 20 percent of the total population. These communities have been founded by francophone Canadians in the Canadian Forces who live together in military residences.[16][17]. As a consequence of geographical seclusion and as a result of British conquest, the French language in Canada presents three different but related main dialects. Quebec and parts of New Brunswick are pretty much it where the majority speak French, so maybe 25% of the population? Canadian French contributed to the creation of a unique language: Michif. Recently Quebec has seen a rise in French speaking students attending English colleges in spite of their previous French education. The province has a population density of 8 people per square kilometer, or 15 per square mile. Francophone Ontarians form part of a larger cultural group known as Franco-Ontarians, of whom only 60 per cent still speak the language at home. New Brunswick has more English speakers than French speakers (65 and 33 percent, respectively). The Acadian community is concentrated in primarily rural areas along the border with Quebec and the eastern coast of the province. In addition, there is a mixed language known as Michif, which is based on Cree and French. You will not receive a reply. 449,745 of them are in French immersion programs outside Quebec. The third wave comes from Quebec, but also from Haiti, Morocco, Africa, etc. Most are French-speaking descendants of French settlers from the 17 th and 18 th centuries who brought many French traditions with them. A broad demographic portrait of francophones in Canada can be drawn from the responses to three language-related questions in the national census: those regarding mother tongue (first language learned at home in childhood), knowledge of the two official languages (ability to converse in these two languages), and language used most often in the home. In 1685, the revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV (1654–1715), which had legalized freedom of religion of the Reformed Church, caused the emigration from France of 300,000 Huguenots (French Calvinists) to other countries of Europe and to North America.[8]. The Language Portal of Canada reviews comments before they’re posted. You also confirm that nothing in your comment infringes third party rights (for example, the use of a text from a third party without his or her permission). The dialect contains, among other features, the alveolar r and the pronunciation of the final syllable in the plural form of the verb in the third person. Cities in Quebec I'm French. The provincial government of Ontario's website is bilingual. In Quebec, the French language is of paramount importance. Katharine believes our languages contain amazing knowledge and history that is too often taken for granted. [3] However, many of the services the provincial government provides are available in English for the sizeable anglophone population of the province (notably in Montreal). In 2006, the Canadian Parliament recognized the Québécois form a nation within a united Canada. France This Way copyright 2006 - 2021. By submitting a comment, you permanently waive your moral rights, which means that you give the Government of Canada permission to use, reproduce, edit and share your comment royalty-free, in whole or in part, in any manner it chooses. This label is a means of distinguishing this particular language from other Métis languages that are also sometimes simply referred to as Michif, such as French Michif. Other French-Speaking … Immigration after World War II has brought francophone immigrants from around the world, and with them other French dialects. Linguists do not agree about the origin of Acadian French. 11.2% of the population (1,490,390 people) can speak both English and French - 7% increase since 2011! 397–404, Atlas Universalis (1996), Thésaurus A-C, p. 24, Atlas Universalis (1996), Thésaurus K-M, p. 2638, Atlas Universalis (1996), Tome 4, pp. The British took mainland Nova Scotia in 1713. Others went into exile to Canada or to nearby islands. Francophones in the Madawaska area may also be identified as Brayon, although sociologists have disputed whether the Brayons represent a distinct francophone community, a subgroup of the Acadians or an extraprovincial community of Québécois. However, the Treaty of Utre… Different regions of Quebec have their own varieties: Gaspé Peninsula, Côte-Nord, Quebec City, Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Outaouais, and Abitibi-Témiscamingue have differences in pronunciation as well as in vocabulary. Let us know in the comments section! Cartier found the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, sealed an alliance with the local people and obtained passage to go farther. To be honest, I didn't really get some of the words in this post, but it helped me with my essay on French-speaking countries. 78.9 per cent of Canadians speak either French or English as their mother tongue, down from 82.4 per cent in 2001. Although Canada is a predominantly English-speaking country, there are francophone communities throughout its provinces. Canada is not France. After 1758, they were deported to England and France. ), and those in Nunavut, Franco-Nunavois. For that reason, the Canadian Language Museum has produced a travelling exhibit about the French language titled “Le français au Canada: d’un océan à l’autre,” to celebrate the history and unique linguistic qualities of French dialects in Canada. 840–842, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Francophone communities throughout Ontario, "Census Profile, 2016 Census – Canada [Country] and Canada [Country]", "Population by language spoken most often at home and age groups, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories – 20% sample data", "Official Languages Act – 1985, c. 31 (4th Supp. In 2011, close to 10 million people reported being able to conduct a conversation in French, compared with less than 9.6 million in 2006.Footnote 5However, the proportion of those being able to speak French declined slightly to 30.1% in 2011, from 30.7% five years earlier. Millions, in fact. Up to the middle of the 20th century, Breton fishers, who had Breton as their mother tongue, but who had been educated in French came to settle. The Métis people developed this language, which combines features from French and Indigenous languages, primarily Cree. There are about 10 million French speakers in Canada, and they’re found in every province and territory! Out of necessity, the educated class learned the English language and became progressively bilingual, but the great majority of the French-speaking inhabitants continued to speak only French, and their population increased. The city of Ottawa counts the greatest number of Franco-Ontarians in the province. French is the mother tongue of 2% of the population (79,154 people) Le français au Canada: d’un océan à l’autre, Resources of the Language Portal of Canada, Become a guest blogger for the Our Languages blog, Editorial policy for the Our Languages blog.
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