Phenolic acid biosynthesis is … Phenol, the cresols (methylphenols), and other simple alkylated phenols can be obtained from the distillation of coal tar or crude petroleum.. Nomenclature of phenols. Phenolic derivatives are one of the most important compounds that were found in secondary metabolites in plants. This may be addressed through the use of plant mutants defective in phenolic acids biosynthesis or knock down target genes in … Water-soluble phenolic acids are major bioactive compounds in the medicinal plant species Salvia miltiorrhiza. Phenolic acids in their free and conjugated forms are occasionally reported in Acacia.Both hydroxybenzoic acids [e.g., gallic (2) and syringic acid (8)] and hydroxycinnamic acids [e.g., ferulic acid (10)] have been identified in Acacia (Fig. Phenolic Acids. Phenolic compounds (PCs) in plants play an important role in growth control and have antioxidant, structural, attractant, signaling and protective functions. This group accounts for around 30% of all polyphenols. Amongst plant phenolics we have a lack of knowledge concerning the roles of phenolic acids as signaling molecules beyond the relatively well-defined roles of flavonoids. Many phenolic compounds were discovered and used long before chemists were able to determine their structures. Phenolic acids or phenol carboxylic acids are aromatic acids that contain a phenolic ring and a carboxyl functional group. Many of the phenolic acids like cinnamic and benzoic acid derivatives exist in all plant and plant-derived foods (e. g., … The diversity of secondary compounds in the plant kingdom is huge. According to their various applications in agriculture, food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries, interests in reviewing different procedures of extraction of these compounds from plants have increased. Various phenolic acids have been found during the different stages of maturation 26 while growing conditions are known to have an impact on the phenolic acid content27. Phenolic compounds in many plants are polymerized into larger molecules such acids. Phenolic acids (PA’s) account for nearly one third of the polyphenols in our diet and are found in all plant materials 1,2; with particular abundance in acid-tasting fruits 3.The primary sources of dietary phenolic acids are: blueberry, cranberry, pear, cherry, apple, orange, grapefruit, lemon, peach, potato, lettuce, spinach, coffee and tea. Most phenolic acids have been detected in the pods. About 200,000 compounds are known, which are grouped into amines, non-protein amino acids, peptides, alkaloids, glucosinolates, cyanogenic glucosides, organic acids, terpenoids, quinones, polyacetylenes, and phenolics. 9.1).The major phenolic acids present in Acacia were found to be gallic acid derivatives. Phenolic acids. Included in that class are substances containing a phenolic ring and an organic carboxylic acid function (C6-C1 skeleton). Information on the discovery, study and identification of phenolic compounds in plants, their role in the complex system of secondary metabolites has been analyzed and summarized. Flavonoids and phenolic acids constitute one of the most widespread groups of plant phenolics. Examples include stilbenes and lignans, which are mostly found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and seeds . Plant phenolic compounds are diverse in molecular structure, and are characterized by hydroxylated aromatic rings (Mandal et al., 2010). Phenolic compounds, included phenolic acids and flavonoids, are the numerous group of secondary metabolites with multiple pharmacological functions (5). The phenolic compounds are categorized as secondary metabolites, and their function in plants is poorly understood.
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